8. Annex Tables
The annexes provide additional resources and practical tools for deepening the understanding of electrical conductivity (EC) and its management in bonsai cultivation. These resources serve as a guide and reference for cultivators seeking to optimize the health and growth of their bonsais.
EC Reference Tables
- Table of Ideal EC Values: A table listing recommended EC values for various bonsai species, across different seasons and growth stages.
- EC Conversion Table: A conversion table for different measurement instruments and EC units (e.g., from Siemens per meter to millisiemens per centimeter).
- Fertilization Guides Based on EC: Tables indicating the types and amounts of fertilizers recommended based on EC readings.
EC Conversion Table:
| Siemens/meter (S/m) | Millisiemens/cm (mS/cm) | Microsiemens/cm (μS/cm) | Decisiemens/meter (dS/m) |
| 1.0000 | 10.000 | 10000 | 10.000 |
| 0.1000 | 1.000 | 1000 | 1.000 |
| 0.0100 | 0.100 | 100 | 0.100 |
| 0.0010 | 0.010 | 10 | 0.010 |
| 0.0001 | 0.001 | 1 | 0.001 |
This table shows the correspondence between different EC measurement units, allowing for easy conversion between them. For example, 1 Siemens per meter (S/m) is equivalent to 10 millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm), 10000 microsiemens per centimeter (μS/cm), or 10 decisiemens per meter (dS/m).
Extended Table of Ideal EC Values for a Variety of 10 Bonsai Species Throughout the Seasons:
| Bonsai Species | Ideal Spring EC (mS/cm) | Ideal Summer EC (mS/cm) | Ideal Autumn EC (mS/cm) | Ideal Winter EC (mS/cm) |
| Pine | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Japanese Maple | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| Juniperus | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Ficus | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Azalea | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Cherry | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Chinese Elm | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Birch | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| Ginkgo | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Olive | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
This table provides reference values for adjusting EC according to the specific needs of each bonsai species during different times of the year. These values in millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm) are intended to guide cultivators in the optimal management of nutrition and well-being of their bonsais.
"Fertilization Guides Based on EC" Table for Different Types of Bonsais:
| Bonsai Species | Low EC (< 0.5 mS/cm) | Medium EC (0.5 - 1.0 mS/cm) | High EC (> 1.0 mS/cm) |
| Pine | Low dose balanced fertilizer | Balanced fertilizer | Reduce fertilization |
| Japanese Maple | Low nitrogen fertilizer | Potassium-rich fertilizer | Reduce fertilization |
| Juniperus | Moderate organic fertilizer | Organic fertilizer | Low nitrogen fertilizer |
| Ficus | Diluted liquid fertilizer | Standard liquid fertilizer | Reduce fertilization |
| Azalea | Low acid fertilizer | Moderate acid fertilizer | Avoid fertilization |
| Cherry | Low organic fertilizer | Balanced fertilizer | Reduce fertilization |
| Chinese Elm | Low balanced fertilizer | Nitrogen-rich fertilizer | Low nitrogen fertilizer |
| Birch | Low nitrogen fertilizer | Balanced fertilizer | Reduce fertilization |
| Ginkgo | Low liquid fertilizer | Balanced liquid fertilizer | Avoid fertilization |
| Olive | Low organic fertilizer | Organic fertilizer | Low nitrogen fertilizer |
This table provides recommendations on the types of fertilizers to use for different bonsai species, based on EC levels. It serves as a guide to optimize fertilization according to nutritional needs and to avoid excess or deficiencies in nutrients.
